I remembered during my first year student I went to the vet's clinic to send a cat with cutaneous lesions everywhere in his body for treatment. I found the cat stays in my hostel nearby and felt sorry for his condition. The vet told me that this cat having sporothrix and it is very contagious to human and cats with cutaneous lesions. She need to euthanize the cat immediately; no treatment can be done since the cat was very ill. I was crying my heart out when I saw the needle straight away poke his abdomen and 5 minutes later the cat were gone. It was my first experience seeing a cat die not by nature way.
Today (year 3) my tutor mentioned about sporothrix and this reminds me to that poor cat
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Sporothrix schenckii
Cat with sporotrichosis infection (note the lesions)
Sporothrix schenckii is a fungus that has the potential to infect the skin, respiratory system, bones and sometimes the brain, causing a diseased state called sporotrichosis. Infection is caused by the virtually ubiquitous dimorphic (mold and yeast) fungus, S. schenckii, which typically infects via direct inoculation - that is, through abrasions of the skin or by inhalation.
The origin of the fungus is environmental; it is naturally found in soil, plants and sphagnum moss, but it can be communicated zoonotically between different animal species, and between animals and humans.
Conidiophores and conidia of S. schenckii.
In dogs, it is believed that the fungus enters through a puncture wound from a stick or thorn. In cats, it is thought to be transmitted from a scratch or bite from a cat that has contaminated claws or teeth. Humans have become infected through coming in contact with the open, draining sores on infected cats.
Cats tend to experience a severe form of cutaneous sporotrichosis, making them an even greater risk for transmitting the infection to other animals and people. In cats, intact male cats that roam outdoors and fight are predisposed to puncture wounds, which then offer an advantageous route for S. schenckii to enter the body. The infection may also be spread by other cats, often through scratches to the skin.
In cats, the lesions often occur on the head, legs, and tail which are the same locations as most cat bites. The cat bites may abscess and turn into lesions that will not heal and that ulcerate and drain. Cats generally have more of the fungal organisms in the draining fluids and are thus more likely to transmit the disease to humans. Some cats may become systemically sick and develop fevers, loss of appetite, and become lethargic.
In humans, sporotrichosis is more common on the fingers, hands, or face - locations where the person may have had an open wound and come into contact with an infected cat. The nodule may open and drain and the surrounding lymph nodes may become swollen as well.
Sprotrichosis in infected human
- Bumps, or lesions on the skin surface, swollen lymph glandsLesions often appear initially as wounds or abscesses mimicking wounds
- Associated with fighting, wounds may be found on the head, lumbar region, or distal limbs
- Previous trauma or puncture wound in the affected area is a variable finding
- Poor response to previous antibacterial therapy
- Combination of cutaneous and lymph form—usually an extension of the cutaneous form, which spreads via the lymphs, resulting in the formation of new nodules and draining tracts or crusts.
- Lymphadenopathy (disease of the lymphs) is common
- Rare, occurs when the initial infection spreads into the body to a secondary location
- Systemic signs of malaise and fever
- Osteoarticular sporotrichosis occurs when the infection spreads into the bones and joints
- Sporotrichosis meningitis occurs when the infection spreads into the nervous system and brainSymptoms include loss of appetite (anorexia), and weight loss (cachexia)
- Occurs as a result of inhalation of Sporothrix schenckii sporesInfected animal is more at risk of developing pneumonia
Diagnose
The diagnosis of sporotrichosis is very straightforward in the cat. A large number of the Sporothrix organisms are usually present in the wound and draining fluid and they can be identified under a microscope.
Treatment
Infected cats are treated with oral potassium iodide. Treatment usually lasts 4 to 8 weeks. Ketoconazole, and the more expensive itraconazole, are sometimes used as an alternative therapy. All of these compounds can be toxic to cats and are administered with caution and at lower doses than dogs.
Prevention
Prevention consists of prompt treatment of all puncture wounds and minimizing cat fights by neutering cats and keeping them indoors.
Sources: Sporotrichosis petmed.com, sporotrichosis in cat peteducation.com
19 comments:
sakit nie...kalau kena...
Can say so, :)
good job, since u know something, tell me how to treat sporo and what should be done if it does not respond to initial treatment :)
ps. where are u from?
vet
assalam doc nak tanye..kalau manusia terkene jangkitan fungus ni ape ubat die eh?..minta tolong emel saya..ke zamir_mfz038@yahoo.com..sebab mak saya trkene cakaran kucing yg ade pyakit ni..so da 4 bulan makin teruk plak sy tengok..ape treatment yg boleh dibuat utk sembuhkan penyakit ni..risau saya..tq doc
I have already replied to your email. Please check it out.
ble info kat saya jika terjangkit dengan sporo ni saya macam was2 sebab saya ade bintik kecil pada tangan macam jerawat bila hilang tumbuh satu lagi dan pada kaki anak saya tapi nampak mcm dah kering so macam mana dan apa yang perlu saya buat jika terjangkit
ghaffar47@gmail.com
Kucing saya kena penyakit ni.. dh x nampak rupa kucing dh, hidung dia... bhgn mata.. pipi belah kiri pon nampak tulang mcm fungus ni makan isi2 dia. Serba salah dibuatnya patut euthanize je ke atau tunggu masa.. sedih nye
Apa obat atau cara cara mengobati kalau manusia tela di jangkiti sporo, please multipose96322@gmail.com
Salam Dr. I kindly hope you can contact me via my email
tonyrandall63@yahoo.com
Assalamualakum doc...sy nak tanya contoh kucing saya kena panyakit ni but x serius so ade peluang nk sembuh ke? Sebab kena kt satu tempat je....and sy dh bgi mkn ubat & sapu...ade peluang nk sembuh ke? Please answer this question...shuhazzwie10@gmail.com
Slm dr..kucing sy mengalami penyakit ini jgk..so whats should i do? Contact via email kyain2704@gmail.com..thank you
assalam Doctor,
kalau manusia terkena penyakit ni apa ubatnya. ibu saya mcm ada bisul pada ibu jari dia. sekarang dah naik 3 biji pulak. takut lambat lambat merebak ke tempat lain.
email saya: iqagileragurl@gmail.com
Assalamualaikum, ibu sy juga terkena jangkitan sporo ni. Apakah yg patut kami buat ye? Please reply..I need your advise.
assalam Doctor,
kalau manusia terkena penyakit ni apa ubatnya. ibu saya mcm ada bisul pada ibu jari dia. sekarang dah naik byk smpi ke lengan. My emai: noorsyafira89@gmail.com
dr kucing saya kena sporro ..terok dah..dr vet nk PTS.Lepas tu sekor lg kena tp x terik sgt..ada peluang ke sbuh..utk kita sbg penjaga kucing tu apa tanda tanda kena jangkitan ni kpd kita..?gatal2 mata tu tanda nya juga ke?ke ada biji biji yg melepuh tu..yg biji biji tu x da kat saya.t q dr
Saya ada buat ubat herbal berbentuk cream utk manusia smdan ubat spray utk kucing atau anjing.
Boleh contact saya. 019 3567686
Sakit. Tersangat sakit. Saya dah kena.
Saya ada ubatnya. Berbentuk cream.
Mohdamin55@yahoo.com
Assalam Dr, kalau manusia yg dah terkena penyakit ni mcmana cara rawatan & ubatnya ya. Dia dah start timbul di tangan. Tq Dr
Email sy: syafalyaa98@gmail.com
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